Minecraft Potion Chart: All 19 Recipes (Java & Bedrock)

Can’t remember which ingredient makes which potion? This Minecraft potion chart lists all 19 brewable potions with their recipes, durations and upgrades and shows where Java and Bedrock differ.

Almost every potion starts from an Awkward Potion (a Water Bottle plus Nether Wart), so only the effect ingredient changes. 

The four newest potions, Weaving, Oozing, Infestation and Wind Charging, arrived in the 1.21 Tricky Trials update. Check the chart below for a quick answer, then read on for brewing steps, ingredient sources and which potion to bring.

Minecraft Potion Chart: All Potion Recipes

Every recipe in this Minecraft potion chart is brewed by adding the ingredient to an Awkward Potion (Water Bottle + Nether Wart) unless a different base is listed. Durations are normal / with redstone / with glowstone and a dash means that upgrade doesn’t exist.

Weakness is the only recipe in the potion chart that skips Nether Wart. You can’t put redstone and glowstone on the same potion, so choose longer or stronger. 

Weaving, Oozing, Infestation and Wind Charging came with the 1.21 Tricky Trials update and have no upgrades. 

Weaving, Oozing and Wind Charging trigger when the affected mob dies and Infestation can spawn silverfish when it takes damage.

How to Brew Potions in Minecraft

To brew potions you need a brewing stand, Blaze Powder for fuel, Water Bottles, Nether Wart and the effect ingredient from the Minecraft potion chart. 

Craft the stand from 1 Blaze Rod and 3 Cobblestone (Blackstone or Cobbled Deepslate also work), and fill Glass Bottles from a water source or a cauldron.

Brew a Potion in 5 Steps 

1. Place the brewing stand and put Blaze Powder in the fuel slot at the top left. One piece fuels 20 brewing steps.

2. Put up to three Water Bottles in the bottom slots.

3. Put Nether Wart in the top slot. After 20 seconds, the bottles become Awkward Potions.

4. Swap in the effect ingredient from the Minecraft potion chart. After another 20 seconds your potions are ready. 

5. To upgrade, add Redstone Dust (longer) or Glowstone Dust (stronger), but not both. Add Gunpowder to make a splash potion, then Dragon’s Breath to make it lingering. Each step takes another 20 seconds.

How to Brew Multiple Potions at Once 

Every step affects all three bottles for the cost of one ingredient, so always brew a full batch. Three Splash Potions of Strength II take four steps (Nether Wart, Blaze Powder, Glowstone Dust, Gunpowder) or about 80 seconds.

Blaze Powder used as an ingredient doesn’t refuel the stand, so the fuel slot needs its own piece. One piece covers five batches like this. You can also mix different potions in one stand, and a modifier like Gunpowder will apply to every bottle.

Potion Ingredients and Where to Find Them

Potion ingredients are the items you add to a brewing stand to create or modify a potion. They fall into three groups, base ingredients like Nether Wart, effect ingredients like Sugar or a Ghast Tear and modifiers like Redstone Dust, Glowstone Dust, Gunpowder and Dragon’s Breath. Here’s where to find every ingredient in the Minecraft potion chart. 

Nether Ingredients for Potions 

Most of your brewing supplies come from the Nether, so build a safe portal first. Our Nether portal designs guide can help. Nether fortresses are the main stop: Nether Wart grows there, and you can plant it on Soul Sand to farm it. Fortresses can be far from your portal, so turn on coordinates and note where you find one.

Blazes in fortresses drop Blaze Rods, and each rod crafts into 2 Blaze Powder. You need it as brewing fuel and as the ingredient for Strength. Ghasts drop Ghast Tears for Regeneration and magma cubes drop Magma Cream for Fire Resistance. If you can’t find magma cubes, craft Magma Cream from 1 Blaze Powder and 1 Slimeball. Break Glowstone blocks to collect Glowstone Dust.

Mob Drops and Fishing Ingredients 

Phantoms drop Phantom Membrane for Slow Falling, rabbits sometimes drop a Rabbit’s Foot for Leaping, and spiders and cave spiders drop the Spider Eyes you need for Poison.

Creepers drop Gunpowder for splash potions, and breezes in Trial Chambers drop Breeze Rods for Wind Charging. Pufferfish for Water Breathing come from fishing. Turtle Master needs a Turtle Shell, which is a helmet crafted from 5 Scutes. Baby turtles drop a Scute when they grow into adults.

Potion Ingredients You Can Craft 

A Glistering Melon Slice (Healing) is a Melon Slice plus 8 Gold Nuggets and a Golden Carrot (Night Vision) is a Carrot plus 8 Gold Nuggets. Sugar for Swiftness comes from Sugar Cane, and a Slime Block for Oozing is 9 Slimeballs.

A Fermented Spider Eye is a Spider Eye, a Brown Mushroom and Sugar crafted together. You need it for Weakness and for turning other potions into Invisibility, Harming or Slowness.

Cobweb, Stone, Redstone and Dragon’s Breath 

Break a Cobweb with a sword or shears to get it for Weaving, and smelt Cobblestone (or mine Stone with Silk Touch) for Infestation. Redstone Dust comes from redstone ore. For Dragon’s Breath use a Glass Bottle on the cloud left by the Ender Dragon’s breath attack.

Potion Modifiers: Redstone, Glowstone, Gunpowder and Dragon’s Breath

Modifiers change a finished potion. Redstone Dust makes it last longer, Glowstone Dust makes it stronger but shorter, Gunpowder turns it into a splash potion and Dragon’s Breath turns a splash potion into a lingering one.

Redstone or Glowstone?

You can only use one of them on a potion. Once it has a redstone upgrade you can’t add glowstone and the other way round. Potions with no stronger version, like Fire Resistance, simply last longer with redstone. Instant potions like Healing have no duration to extend, so glowstone just upgrades them to level II.

Don’t add either one to a plain Water Bottle. You’ll get a Mundane Potion (redstone) or a Thick Potion (glowstone) and neither has any effect. Start with Nether Wart instead.

Corrupted potions

A Fermented Spider Eye turns Swiftness or Leaping into Slowness, Healing or Poison into Harming, and Night Vision into Invisibility. Added to a plain Water Bottle, it makes Weakness.

Corrupt the potion before you add glowstone, because enhanced Swiftness and Leaping can’t be corrupted. A redstone upgrade carries over only if the new potion has one too, so extended Poison becomes plain Harming.

Splash potions, lingering potions and tipped arrows

Gunpowder makes a splash potion, which you throw to hit everything near the spot where it lands. It lasts as long as the drinkable version, but in Java only a direct hit gives the full effect, and targets farther away get less.

Add Dragon’s Breath and the splash potion becomes a lingering potion, which leaves a cloud on the ground. It lasts one quarter of the drinkable duration, so an 8:00 potion becomes 2:00.

To craft tipped arrows, put a lingering potion in the middle of the crafting grid and surround it with 8 arrows. You get 8 tipped arrows and each one carries one eighth of the drinkable duration.

Java vs Bedrock Potion Differences

Brewing works the same way in both editions, and every Java recipe also works in Bedrock. The differences are small, but they can waste a batch if you follow the wrong guide.

Bedrock also has four cure potions (Antidote, Elixir, Eye Drops and Tonic), but only with Minecraft Education features turned on. Older guides say Bedrock splash potions last a quarter shorter than drinkable ones. That changed in Bedrock 1.21.0, so they now last the same in both editions. If a Bedrock recipe fails in Java, check the base potion first.

Best Potions for Every Situation

Once you know the recipes in the Minecraft potion chart, here is which potion to bring for each job. For the Nether, bring extended Fire Resistance (8:00). 

It stops fire and lava damage, but not explosion damage from ghast fireballs, so stay alert around ghasts. In a tough fight, Strength boosts your melee damage, while Healing and Regeneration keep you alive. 

Strength II hits harder but lasts only 1:30, so use extended Strength for longer fights. Undead mobs react in reverse to instant potions, Healing damages them, while Harming heals them.

For mining and long journeys, extended Swiftness (8:00) gets you there faster. Underwater, extended Water Breathing and Night Vision let you explore shipwrecks and ocean monuments without surfacing. 

Extended Slow Falling (4:00) prevents fall damage, which makes it useful for tall builds and cliffs. See our round tower guide for more ideas on building safely at height.

To cure a zombie villager, throw a splash Potion of Weakness at it, then feed it a golden apple while Weakness is still active. Keep it out of sunlight and away from hostile mobs while it converts back into a villager.

Common Potion Brewing Mistakes

If you end up with a Mundane Potion, you added the effect ingredient straight to a Water Bottle. Brew Nether Wart first to make an Awkward Potion, then add the ingredient. Weakness is the only exception. If the stand won’t start at all, check the fuel slot, because it needs its own Blaze Powder.

Upgrades cause the next most common problem. A potion can be extended with redstone or strengthened with glowstone, but never both, so the stand won’t accept the second one. Some potions also need a specific base, Invisibility needs a Night Vision Potion and Harming needs a Healing or Poison Potion. Skip the base and the ingredient won’t work.

Finally, check your edition before you copy a recipe. Making Weakness from a Strength Potion only works in Bedrock. And if a splash potion seems weak, throw it closer to the target, since the effect fades with distance from where it lands.

Conclusion 

This Minecraft potion chart comes down to one pattern: Nether Wart for the base, one ingredient for the effect, then redstone, glowstone, gunpowder or Dragon’s Breath if you want to change it.

Brew in batches of three, since a step costs the same for one bottle or three and check the Java and Bedrock differences before copying a recipe, especially for Regeneration, Poison and Weakness.

If this is your first time, start with Swiftness. Its effect ingredient is just Sugar, so it’s the cheapest way to learn the process. You’ll still need Nether Wart and Blaze Powder, so make the Nether trip first. Bookmark this page for the next time you need a recipe.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I make a Potion of Weakness?

Put a Water Bottle in the brewing stand and add a Fermented Spider Eye. After 20 seconds you have a Potion of Weakness that lasts 1:30, or 4:00 with redstone. To make the eye, craft a Spider Eye a Brown Mushroom and Sugar together. Add Gunpowder for a splash version, which you need to cure a zombie villager.

How do I make a Potion of Healing?

Add a Glistering Melon Slice (a Melon Slice plus 8 Gold Nuggets) to an Awkward Potion. Healing is instant and restores 2 hearts, or 4 hearts with glowstone for Healing II. Redstone does nothing because there is no duration to extend. Splash versions heal everything nearby, but undead mobs take damage instead.

How long do potions last in Minecraft?

Most potions last 3:00, or 8:00 with redstone. Level II versions of Strength, Swiftness and Leaping last 1:30. Regeneration and Poison last 0:45, Slow Falling, Weakness and Slowness last 1:30, and Turtle Master lasts 0:20. Healing and Harming are instant. Check the chart above for every potion.

What is the best potion in Minecraft?

Fire Resistance is the best one to brew first. The extended version lasts 8:00 and has no stronger level to give up, and it protects you from lava, one of the easiest ways to lose your gear in the Nether. For other jobs, see Best Potions for Every Situation above.

How do I remove potion effects in Minecraft?

Drink a bucket of milk. It clears every active effect, good and bad, so don’t drink it while a buff you want is still running. Get milk by using an empty bucket on a cow, goat or mooshroom. A honey bottle removes only Poison.